WHAT IS ANAL FISSURE?

The outer part of our digestive system through which waste is expelled out from the body is called the anus. It is surrounded by the sphincter muscles which open and closes for passing the stools. The anus also has a network of blood vessels and nerve cells. An anal fissure is a condition that affects the anal region. The condition is characterized by the development of an open sore or a tear in the anal skin which causes severe pain with bleeding. The reason for fissure is trauma inside the inner lining of the anus. A hard bowel is however responsible for fissure but chronic diarrhea can also be one of the causes. Delay in diagnosis may lead to an acute fissure that is more difficult to treat.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ANAL FISSURE?

  • Painful motion or intense anal pain 
  • Bleeding from the anus with blood drops/bleeding stools
  • Dark colored stools
  • Intense burning, pricking, or itching sensation in the anus
  • A visible crack in the skin around the anus
  • Pain after a bowel movement that can last up to several hours 

 

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF ANAL FISSURES

  • Constipation & straining during bowel movements
  • Passing hard stools frequently
  • Lifting heavy weights
  • Tight anal sphincter
  • Childbirth 

SURGICAL OPTIONS

When conservative attempts fail, or when the fissure gets chronic, a Proctologist recommends surgery. 


The surgeon removes the edges of fissures and skin tags. This surgery has a high success rate and provides rapid relief from pain.

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The surgeon manually stretches the anal sphincter muscle. This will instantly help rapid relief from pain.

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Several cuts are been made in the anal sphincter muscles with Laser that reduce the pressure in the anal region and facilitate the healing of anal fissures. Advantages of Laser treatment: • Minimally invasive • Local anesthesia • Same-day-discharge • Minimal post-surgical pain • Quick recovery • Low blood loss

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RECENT ADVANCES IN ANAL FISSURE SURGERY

Anocutaneous advancement flap

It is a surgical procedure for the treatment of chronic anal fissures. It is a very safe sphincter-sparing surgical option that provides a quicker cure than Fissurectomy and can be considered a first-line treatment option for chronic anal fissures. 

HOW CAN ANAL FISSURES BE PREVENTED?

  • Keep the anal area dry
  • Clean the anal area with mild soap and warm water
  • Increase fluid intake
  • Stay hydrated
  • Eat fibrous food to avoid constipation
  • Practice healthy bowel habits
  • Treat diarrhea immediately

RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS INVOLVED

  • Recurrence
  • A tear that extends to surrounding muscles
  • Constipation
  • Inflammatory bowel disease

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Frequently Asked Questions

Anal Fissures and Anal Fistula are two different types of anorectal diseases. An abnormal passage-like connection between the bowel and perianal skin is the anal fistula and anal fissure is a small tear-like cut in the lining of the anus.

An anal fissure is a small tear or cuts in the lining of the anus. Whereas haemorrhoids are a group of inflamed and swollen tissues in the anal area. 

Anorectal surgeons and proctologists perform Laser surgery within 15 to 45 minutes, but the duration of the surgery depends on the severity of fissures and varies from person to person. 

  • Spicy food
  • Processed foods
  • Nuts
  • Frozen foods
  • Red meat
  • Hot sauces

Like any other small tears or cuts on the skin, anal fissures can also be cured at home, but extra care needs to be taken. If the severity of pain increases, then expert intervention is a must. 

Surgery is considered to be the permanent solution for anal fissures. Consult an expert if you notice any of the signs and symptoms

Anal fissure surgery is covered under health insurance. Talk with our HospiOne buddy to get more information. 

Complete healing can take up to approximately 6-10 weeks. However, acute pain after surgery often disappears after a few days. In most cases, patients will be able to return to work and resume daily activities within few days after the surgery.

  • Drinking plenty of fluids, eating fibrous foods
  • Exercising regularly to avoid constipation
  • Cleansing the anal area gently with mild soap and warm water
  • Keeping the anal area dry
  • Treating diarrhea immediately
  • Avoid straining during bowel movements

Many insurance companies provide coverage for Anal Fissure surgeries after a period of few years. Our HospiOne Team can guide you perfectly in this scenario.

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