WHAT IS LAPAROSCOPY?

Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure that allows the surgeon to diagnose and treat various diseases and conditions including the chest, abdomen, and pelvis with the help of a laparoscope. 

 

A Laparoscope is a long, thin camera that shows pictures of the inside of your body to a video screen viewed by the surgeon. A laparoscope is inserted through a small incision. Some special tools can be inserted into the body through the laparoscope or other small incisions. 

 

It is a type of minimally invasive surgery that results in a quicker recovery and less pain than open surgery. In laparoscopy, the surgical tools are threaded through the smaller incisions and around the tissues instead of cutting through them. 

WHEN SHOULD I VISIT A LAPAROSCOPIC SURGEON

  • Abdominal pain
  • Endocrine conditions 
  • Female reproductive system conditions 
  • Hernia 
  • Intestinal conditions 
  • Liver & gall bladder conditions 
  • Lung conditions
  • Stomach & esophagus conditions 
  • Urinary tract conditions
  • Vascular conditions 

WHO PERFORMS LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERIES?

  • General surgeons
  • Obstetrician gynaecologists
  • Colon and rectal surgeon
  • Urologists and Pediatric urologists
  • Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgeons 

POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS OF LAPAROSCOPY

  • Bleeding
  • Injury to nearby organs (especially the bowel & bladder) 
  • Pneumonia (infection in lungs)
  • Infection of incisions (cuts) 
  • Need to have Laparotomy (Abdomen is opened with a larger cut)because the procedure could not be done with smaller cuts 

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COMMONLY DONE LAPAROSCOPIC PROCEDURES

HYSTERECTOMY

It is a surgical removal of uterus in case of uterine fibroid, uterine prolapse and uterine cancer with less hospital stay and faster recovery with less complications.

 

CHOLECYSTECTOMY (GALLBLADDER REMOVAL)

The gallbladder is located under the liver and is used to store the bile produced by the liver to aid in the absorption of foods. When small crystals get enlarged to create stones in the gallbladder, the flow of bile from the gallbladder becomes obstructed developing a diseased gallbladder.

 

APPENDICECTOMY 

A surgery to remove an infected appendix is called an appendicectomy

 

HERNIA

The condition in which tissues or organs or even part of the intestine protrudes through an opening of the abdominal wall. When it occurs in the part of the groin area it is known as an Inguinal Hernia. 

 

COLON SURGERY

The main reason for laparoscopic surgery on the colon includes diverticulosis, the removal of large growth called polyps that can’t be completely removed through colonoscopy.

Other laparoscopic surgeries such as stomach surgery, anti-reflux surgery are also performed effectively. 

 

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General Question About Laparoscopy Surgery

It is a minimally invasive approach to surgery of the abdomen. Instead of larger incisions or cuts, laparoscopy involves 4 small cuts for precision surgical instruments to pass through. 

Almost all surgeries being done in open surgery are nowadays being performed. The most common however are cholecystectomy (removal of the gall bladder), Appendicectomy (removal of the appendix), tubal ligation (sterilization), laparoscopic hysterectomy, diagnostic laparoscopy, and hernia repair.

The smaller incisions are less painful, thus there are reduced chances for pain medications, shorter recovery time and better cosmetic results, and less internal scarring

  • Nausea
  • Scratchy throat
  • Uterine cramping
  • Shoulder pain 
  • Feeling bloated 
  • Vaginal bleeding or discharge 

The recovery time is based on the type of surgery and patient response. Usually, the most patient requires pain medication after one week following surgery. Avoid strenuous exercises, heavy weight lifting, douching, and intercourse for at least 4-6 weeks. 

  • Redness, warmth, or heavy bleeding from the incision
  • Fever chills
  • Problem with bladder & bowel movements
  • Heavy vaginal bleeding
  • Vomiting
  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest pain 

Experiencing mild abdominal cramping, menstrual periods, light bleeding, soreness, or pain around the incision is normal after laparoscopy. 

Usually, avoiding anything to eat and drink is strictly followed before general anesthesia. This is because when the anesthetic is used, your body reflexes are temporarily stopped. If your stomach is filled with food or drink, chances of vomiting or bringing up food to the throat can happen. 

Yes, water helps in thinning of blood and the motion of nutrients and oxygen throughout the body. Thus patients should drink water after an injury or surgery. 

The patient should start with a liquid diet. Make sure to avoid food with nuts and seeds.

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